This
essay is presenting a new philosophy, one that might provide us the
means to work our way out of the mind numbing, soul sapping
dysfunctional corner that our current philosophy of government has
painted us into. This new philosophy is called Spiritual Humanism.
It is not, as some might fear, a religious philosophy, but carries
the title of “Spiritual” to distinguish it from the “Material
Humanism,” that we have now. It employees the term “spiritual”
in a secular, or psychological sense, as will be explained in a bit..
While
this is a philosophy, for the most part the terms and language of
formal philosophy are not going to be used while explaining it. That
is because this concept is about the people, all the people, and
especially the common people, so it is best if it is presented in
language that the common people can understand.
First,
we must examine how we got to where we are. The philosopher Karl
Marx borrowed from the philosopher Hegel and along with Engels
developed what is called the dialectical materialism. This is a way
of analyzing the status of the people by looking at the material
conditions within which the people exist. Here they used the idea of
thesis= stating the way something is, antithesis= stating some other
idea of how the thing could be, and out of the resulting conflict
developing some new synthesis, some new, and hopefully better, way of
doing things. That synthesis then becomes the new thesis in a never
ending process of development. The thing is, the only evidence
admitted into this dialectical process is material evidence, that is,
evidence that can be weighed and measured in the material world.
Hence the name, dialectical materialism.
The
Marxist thinking that followed has largely swept the world. That mode
of thinking, that dialectical materialism, has, since coming into
power with the rise of secular humanism, must, for lack of a better
term, accurately be called Material Humanism. That is, when thinking
about what is good for humanity, what is good for the people, Marx
and those adherents who came after him, all focused on the material
world which surrounds the people, as individuals and groups. The
later adherents include Lenin, Stalin, Mao, and actually even Hitler,
Mussolini and Franklin Roosevelt. They all used that dialectical
process, and confined it to material factors.
FDR
is mentioned in this company because the welfare state he brought
into being is focused like a laser beam on material factors. America
since his time has paid empty lip service to things like freedom and
religion. The real benchmark of our civilization, the thing which
most of us think marks us as a superior nation, has long been our
standard of living. In other words, our material well being.
With
Material Humanism, governmental decisions, usually made at the
federal level in America, are based almost exclusively on material
factors. Following the guidelines of this philosophy, officials
concentrate on ensuring the people have enough food, clean water,
medical care, housing and clothing to have an adequate life,
materially. While these policies do generally satisfy the
requirements of Material Humanism, they are inadequate to deal with
non material problems.
If
any non material issues come up, such as mental illness, they are
either dealt with in some material way, such as with some medications
or by providing “professional” care, or they are largely ignored.
This is just the way it is, because non material problems are
difficult to measure, in a material way, and therefore defy the
ability of Material Humanism to solve.
More
disturbingly, with the officials in power guided by these standards,
policies can become inadequate at dealing with real human problems,
or they can become worse than inadequate. If the bureaucrats,
sitting in front of their computers, and making all the decisions for
everyone, think that their only obligation is to make sure everyone
receives X amount of food (calories and protein), X amount of heat,
clothing, water, and medical care, then the living situation could
become bleak, hollow and desperate.
Issues
like happiness, freedom, meaning, purpose of life, emotional and
cultural well being are easily ignored. Such things can be hard to
measure, and therefore, they almost never enter into the
deliberations of Material Humanism. What's worse is the way Material
Humanism HAS dealt with the non material aspects of culture. It
usually comes to the dubious conclusion that such things are merely
social constructs.
Things
like, family, love of place, religion, race, ethnicity, sexuality,
gender, and other forms of self identity are, according to Material
Humanism, merely social constructs. What's more, if such social
constructs are interfering with the optimal system of Material
Humanism, they can and should be reconstructed, by the elite
authorities, to render humanity itself more conducive to efficient
management. Thus the true threat of the Marxist so called
“dictatorship of the proletariat”, the long hidden real agenda of
Material Humanism, becomes clear. Material Humanism allows distant
officials to decide what we should feel and think, and then empowers
officials to change us, leveraging their control of material
resources, according to their designs. We are to be remade and
controlled, according to the dictates of distant, anonymous
officials, to render us more easily controllable economic units.
Most
disturbingly, the flaws of Material Humanism should be considered
alongside the growth of centralized government. It is easy to then
foresee a central world government using this flawed philosophy to
enact its policies. Then we could find ourselves under the thumbs of
distant bureaucrats, self satisfied that their work complies with
every stricture of Material Humanism, as they administer a system
which has essentially brought about slave ship earth.
Spiritual
Humanism is a philosophy of government which might enable us to get
out of this trap. It was first inspired by the writings of Simone
Weil 1909-1943, a French philosopher, mystic and activist. In a
relatively short passage in her book, “The Need for Roots,” she
explored the spiritual aspects of work, bemoaning the alienated
nature of modern work. She even mentioned that Marx touched on this
subject, but that that part of his thinking got ignored by those who
rule in his name.
She
started by looking at the system of apprenticeship French chefs had
been put through in olden times, what was called the Toure de France.
In that system, the young cook would go to some various restaurants
in other parts of France, working at each one for a year or two.
After some years, the now accomplished chef would return to their
hometown, to either work in an established restaurant, or start one
of their own.
The
now somewhat older culinary master would know how to set the business
up, how to make a menu, and all that. Also, they would know how to
make arrangements with local farmers to provide the basic ingredients
for the food.
Additionally,
and the most pertinent part for our purpose, they would see the
importance of their work. They would see themselves as a vital,
needed and appreciated contributor to the local community. In other
words, they came to see meaning, purpose and fulfillment in their
work, and in their place in the human community. Work then became
not an alienated drudgery, as it is in most of our lives today, but
rather an engaging and joyful part of their holistic lives. The
spiritual aspects of work were enhanced and appreciated.
On
reading this passage thirty or more years ago, this writer was
immediately struck by the idea that her use of “spiritual, a use
that means something more akin to feeling, or sense, than it does to
anything religious, could be expanded to encompass all of human
existence. Thus the idea of “Spiritual Humanism” was born, and
left to simmer for decades.
Spiritual
Humanism is first of all another school of Humanism; therefore it
will always focus, by definition, on the greatest good, for the
greatest number, of humans. It shares that basis with Material
Humanism, but way the two diverge with respect to the natural world
reveals how great the difference is. Environmental decay is of no
concern to Material Humanism, unless such decay threatens the
immediate material well being of humans. Spiritual Humanism does
not, however, share that contemptuous attitude toward nature. That
is because having a sense, or feeling, of being connected with nature
is one of the tenets of Spiritual Humanism.
In
fact, our sense or feelings about almost everything (our attitude or
spirit about them) is the core tenet of Spiritual Humanism. With it
we can take into account all the feelings, sensibilities, attitudes
and spirits of all aspects of our lives. Instead of focusing on a
never ending dialectical materialism, it will always ask, “How do
the people actually feel about something, do they have a good sense
of it, what spirit, or attitude is in the people about it?”
It
asks; do people feel connected with each other? Do they feel a sense
of material well being?(this can cover everything contained within
Material Humanism) Do the people feel connected with nature? Do the
people have a sense of connectedness with their work? Do they see
their work as worthwhile, and their lives as being full of purpose
and meaning?
Most
important, it would ask the questions of: Do the people have a sense
of self determination, as individuals and as a community? Do the
individuals feel that their ideas, dreams, aspirations and concerns
are really being taken into consideration by authorities and
officials? Finally, (for this moment, because the list of subjects
to which Spiritual Humanism will apply is inexhaustible), it would
ask; Do the individuals in the system feel a sense, a spirit, of
their own autonomy, their own agency, of being in control of their
own lives?
When
we start putting together governmental structures to carry out this
philosophy, it will necessarily change our entire structure of
government. If policies are to be based on how the people, as
individuals, actually feel about things, then there has to be a way
to determine what those feelings are. Simply launching more
government studies, which is what the bureaucrats in Washington DC
will likely propose, would never generate the kind of honest and in
depth knowledge Spiritual Humanism would need.
The
better way to attain that kind of information, to discern what goes
on inside the head and heart of millions of people, is to simply ask
them. Let their voices be encouraged and heard in the deliberations
of government.
This
highlights the key difference between Material Humanism, and
Spiritual Humanism. With Material Humanism, people are seen
primarily as economic beings, with both their oppression and
liberation conceived as economic in nature. Thus material, economic
analysis is all that is needed. With Spiritual Humanism, people are
seen primarily as communicative beings, with communication (or lack
of it) being the greatest factor in their oppression, and open
communication being the key to their liberation.
When
we take the philosophy of Spiritual Humanism seriously, and determine
that the voices of all the people must be heard in the deliberations
of government, we are driven by simple logic to turn to a form of
government which will place almost all those deliberations in local
or community governments. It is irrefutably true that the only way
to engage the hearts and minds of the people in their own governance
is to have their lives lived within vibrant communities. What's
more, the only way to generate the kind of community spirit that will
make that system work is if the local communities have real powers of
self government.
Then
the little people, the citizens in their communities, can feel that
vital connection to their own self governance. Then all aspects of a
thoroughgoing Spiritual Humanism can be brought into play, building a
society which actually delivers the greatest good, for the greatest
number, of all people.
There
is no immediate suggestions for how we can bring this about. This is
just an initial assertion of a new philosophical perspective, and
should be received as such. It is left to others, or to all of us
together, to determine how best to give political embodiment to this
philosophy.